Traumatic dislocation of the hip in children (case report and a review of literature)
Abstract
Background: A traumatic dislocation of the hip joint of children is a rare injury. There is a considerable difference between dislocation of the hip in children under 5 year of age, where a trivial trauma is enough to produce dislocation of the hip and the adolescents, where traffic accident is a cause usual for dislocation. A prompt reduction of the hip is indicated. A successful reposition has to be confirmed by an x-ray, with the clear evidence of the femoral head lying concentrically in the acetabulum. A poorer prognosis is asociated with delay in reduction beyond 6 hours. The reduction is usually easy to achieve, but labral, capsular or osteochondral fragment interposition may prevent concentric reduction and thus requires surgery to achieve anatomic reduction. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head and posttraumatic arthritis are most common long term complications. The postreduction treatment remains without particular consensus.
Conclusions: We are going to present an example of a three-year-old girl in whose posterior dislocation of the hip occured after some trivial trauma. She was treated conservatively with closed reduction and later with limited weight bearing.
Downloads
References
Shea KP, Kalamachi A, Thompson GH. Acetabular epiphysis-labrum entrapment following traumatic anterior dislocation of the hip in children. J Pediatr Orthop 1986; 6: 215–9.
Pietrafesa CA, Hoffman JR. Traumatic dislocation of the hip. JAMA 1983; 249: 3342–6.
Hugehes MJ, D’Agostino J. Posterior hip dislocation in a fiveyear-old boy: A case report, review of the literature and current recommendations. J Emerg Med 1996; 14: 585–90.
Attia MW, Gould JH. Traumatic hip dislocation in a young child: a case report and discussion. Pediatr Emerg Care 1995; 11: 291–3.
Mehlman CT, Hubbard GW, Crawford AH, Roy DR, Wall EJ. Traumatic hip dislocation in children. Long-term followup of 42 patients. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2000; 376: 68–79.
Cinats JG, Moreau MJ, Swersky JF. Traumatic dislocation of the hip caused by capsular interposition in a child. A case report. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1988; 70: 30–3.
Gennari JM, Merrot T, Bergoin V, Turcat Y, Bergoin M. X-ray transparency interpositions after reduction of traumatic dislocation of the hip in children. Eur J Pediatr Surg 1996; 6: 288–93.
Scuderi G, Bronson MJ. Triradiate cartilage injury. Report of two case and review of the literature. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1987; 217: 179–89.
Bucholz RW, Ezaki M, Ogden JA. Injury to the acetabular triradiate physeal cartilage. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1982; 64: 600–9.
Barquet A. Reccurent traumatic dislocation of the hip in childhood. J Trauma 1980; 20: 1003–6.
Reigstad A. Traumatic dislocation of the hip. J Trauma 1980; 20: 603–6.
Dreinhofer KE, Schwarzkopf SR, Haas NP, Tscherne H. Isolated traumatic dislocation of the hip. Long term results in 50 patients. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1994; 76: 6–12.
Vialle R, Odent T, Pannier S, Pauthier F, Laumonier F, Glorion C. Traumatic hip dislocation in childhood. J Pediatr Orthop 2005; 25: 138–44.
Gopalakrishnan KC, Lewis J. Traumatic heamarthrosis causing femoral head subluxation. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1990; 72: 554–6.
Vialle R, Pannier S, Odent T, Schmit P, Pauthier F, Glorion C. Imaging of traumatic dislocation of the hip in childhoood. Pediatr Radiol 2004; 34: 970–9.
Barquet A. Natural history of avascular necrosis following traumatic hip dislocation in childhood: a reviw of 145 cases. Acta Orthop Scand 1982; 53: 815–20.
Barquet A. A vascular necrosis following traumatic hip dislocation in childhood; factors of influence. Acta Orthop Scand 1982; 53: 809–13.
Barquet A. Traumatic hip dislocation in childhood. A report of 26 cases and review of the literature. Acta Orthop Scand 1979; 50: 549–53.
Sailsbury RD, Eastwood DM. Traumatic dislocation of the hip in children. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2000; 377: 106–11.
Cornwall R, Radomisli TE. Nerve injury in traumatic dislocation of the hip. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2000; 377: 84–91.
Kumar S, Jain AK. Neglected traumatic hip dislocation in children. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2005; 431: 9–13.
Wilchinsky ME, Pappas AM. Unusual complications in traumatic dislocation of the hip in children. J Pediatr Orthop 1985; 5: 534–9.
Vecsei V, Schwendenwein E, Berger G. Hüftgelenkluxationen ohne knöcherne Verletzung. Orthopäde 1987; 26: 317–26.
Kutty S, Thorens B, Curtin WA, Gilmore MFX. Traumatic posterior dislocation of hip in children. Ped Emerg C 2001; 17: 32–5.
Sahin V, Karakas ES, Turk CY. Bilateral traumatic hip dislocation in a child: a case report and review of the literature. J Trauma 1999; 46: 500–4.
The Author transfers to the Publisher (Zdravniški vestnik/Slovenian Medical Journal) all economic copyrights following form Article 22 of the Slovene Copyright and Related Rights Act (ZASP), including the right of reproduction, the right of distribution, the rental right, the right of public performance, the right of public transmission, the right of public communication by means of phonograms and videograms, the right of public presentation, the right of broadcasting, the right of rebroadcasting, the right of secondary broadcasting, the right of communication to the public, the right of transformation, the right of audiovisual adaptation and all other rights of the author according to ZASP.
The aforementioned rights are transferred non-exclusively, for an unlimited number of editions, for the term of the statutory
The Author can make use of his work himself or transfer subjective rights to others only after 3 months from date of first publishing in the journal Zdravniški vestnik/Slovenian Medical Journal.
The Publisher (Zdravniški vestnik/Slovenian Medical Journal) has the right to transfer the rights, acquired parties without explicit consent of the Author.
The Author consents that the Article be published under the Creative Commons BY-NC 4.0 (attribution-non-commercial) or comparable licence.
