FIRST SOUND EVIDENCE OF MUSCLE REGENERATION IN RECOVERY OF FUNCTION OF HUMAN PERMANENT DENERVATED MUSCLES BY A LONG-LASTING FUNCTIONAL ELECTRICAL STIMULATION (FES) TRAINING: BIOPSY FINDINGS

  • Helmut Kern Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrostimulation and Physical Rehabilitation Wien Austria
  • Christian Hofer Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrostimulation and Physical Rehabilitation Wien Austria
  • Michaela Moedlin Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrostimulation and Physical Rehabilitation Wien Austria
  • Claudia Forstner Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrostimulation and Physical Rehabilitation Wien Austria
  • Michael Vogelauer Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrostimulation and Physical Rehabilitation Wien Austria
  • Wolfgang Richter Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrostimulation and Physical Rehabilitation Wien Austria
  • Winfried Mayr Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics University of Vienna Austria
  • Maria Elena Zanin C.N.R. Institute of Neuroscience Department of Biomedical Science University of Padova Italy
  • Katia Rossini C.N.R. Institute of Neuroscience Department of Biomedical Science University of Padova Italy
  • Ugo Carraro C.N.R. Institute of Neuroscience Department of Biomedical Science University of Padova Italy

Abstract

Contrary to general believe, in one case of 18month cauda equina lesion four-month electrical stimulation of thigh muscles (impulse energy 1.92 Joule) increased stimulation frequency from 2 to 20 Hz, i. e., up to tetanic contractions. After 2 years of treatment, CT-cross sectional area of quadriceps improved 58.3% (right) and 44.4% (left) with increased muscle density. Mean myofiber size was 37.2 ± 24.8 µm (right) and 40.5 ±  24.9 µm (left). Improvement of stimulated knee torque, from zero to 12.0 Nm and 10.5 Nm, respectively, enabled to stand up trials. Surviving myofibers undergo re-growth (they show the chess board appearance of normal muscle), and dying myofibers continuously regenerate (up to 3% are embryonic myosin positive 3-year post-FES). Regeneration events are essential components of the FES rehabilitation protocol due to superior excitability of regenerated myofibers in comparison to long-term denervated, degenerated myofibers, which were almost not excitable before FES training.

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References

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Kern H, Hofer C, Mödlin M, Forstner C, Raschka-Höger D, Mayr W, Stöhr H. Denervated muscles in humans: limitations and problems of currently used functional electrical stimulation training protocols. Artif Organs 2002; 26 (3): 216–8.

Rossini K, Zanin ME, Podhorska-Okolow M, Carraro U. Stage and quantify regenerative myogenesis in FES-induced functional recovery of human long-term permanent denervated muscle. Basic Appl Myol 2002; 12: 277–86.

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Mussini I, Favaro G, Carraro U. Maturation, dystrophic changes and the continuous production of fibers in skeletal muscle regenerating in the absence of nerve. J Neurophatol Exp Neurol 1987; 46: 315–31.

How to Cite
1.
Kern H, Hofer C, Moedlin M, Forstner C, Vogelauer M, Richter W, Mayr W, Zanin ME, Rossini K, Carraro U. FIRST SOUND EVIDENCE OF MUSCLE REGENERATION IN RECOVERY OF FUNCTION OF HUMAN PERMANENT DENERVATED MUSCLES BY A LONG-LASTING FUNCTIONAL ELECTRICAL STIMULATION (FES) TRAINING: BIOPSY FINDINGS. TEST ZdravVestn [Internet]. 1 [cited 5Aug.2024];73. Available from: http://vestnik-dev.szd.si/index.php/ZdravVest/article/view/2402
Issue
Vol 73 (2004): SUPPLEMENT II
Section
Professional Article


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