THREE-DIMENSIONAL ULTRASOUND EXAMINATION IN OBSTETRICS
Keywords:
prenatal diagnosis, three-dimensional ultrasound
Abstract
Background. We are presenting a new mode of
ultrasound diagnostic examination – the three-dimensional
ultrasound examination was possible only after the corresponding
technical progress.
Conclusions. The prenatal ultrasound diagnosis is already for
some years an integral part of the regular check-ups of every
pregnant woman. The three-dimensional ultrasound examination
enables the display of some fetal scans, which can not
bee seen during the two-dimensional examination. It is also
introducing a new quality – the superficial rendering. All that
is contributing to a higher realibility of the prenatal diagnosis.
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References
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pulsed ultrasound. Lancet 1958; 1: 1188–91.
2. Steiner H, Staudach A, Spitzer D, Schaffer H. Three-dimensional ultrasound
in obstetrics and gynecology: technique, possibilities and limitations. Hum
Reprod 1994; 9: 1773–8.
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Gynecol 1995; 5: 219–21.
4. Merz E, Bahlmann F, Weber G. Volume scanning in the evaluation of fetal
malformations: a new dimension in prenatal diagnosis. Ultrasound Obstet
Gynecol 1995; 5: 222–7.
5. Merz E. Einsatz der 3-D-Ultraschalltehnik in der pränatalen Diagnostik.
Ultraschall Med 1995; 16: 154–61.
6. Steiner H. Potential der dreidimensionalen (3-D) Sonographie in der Fehlbildungsdiagnostik. Gynäkologe 1995; 28: 315–20.
7. Pretorius DH, Nelson TR. Fetal face visualization using three -dimensional
ultrasonography. J Ultrasound Med 1995; 14: 349–56.
8. Pretorius DH, House M, Nelson TR, Hollenbach KA. Evaluation of normal
and abnormal lips in fetuses: comparison between three- and two-dimensional
sonography. AJR 1995; 165: 1233–7.
9. Gritzky A, Brandl H. The Voluson (Kretz) technique. In: Merz E. 3-D ultrasound
in obstetrics and gynecology. Philadelphia, New York, Baltimore:
Lipincott Williams-Wilkins, 1998: 9–15.
10. Sakas G. Free-hand acquisition, reconstruction, and visualization of threedimensional data sets. In: Merz E. 3-D ultrasound in obstetrics and gynecology.
Philadelphia, New York, Baltimore: Lipincott Williams-Wilkins, 1998:
17–24.
11. Kratochwil M. Importance and possibilities of multiplanar examination in
three-dimensional sonography. In: Merz E. 3-D ultrasound in obstetrics and
gynecology. Philadelphia, New York, Baltimore: Lippincott Williams-Wilkins,
1998: 105–8.
12. Benoit B. Three-dimensional surface mode for demonstration of normal
anatomy in the second and third trimesters. In: Merz E. 3-D ultrasound in
obstetrics and gynecology. Philadelphia, New York, Baltimore: Lippincott
Williams-Wilkins, 1998: 95–100.
13. Benoit B, Kos M, Kurjak A. The normal and abnormal face. In: Kurjak A,
Kupešič S. Clinical application of 3 D sonography. New York, London: The
Parthenon Publishing Group, 2000: 127–32.
14. Merz E, Mirič-Tesarič D, Walter C. Value of the electronic scalpel (cut mode)
in the evaluation of the fetal face. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2000; 16:
564–8.
15. Merz E. Three-dimensional ultrasound – A requirement for prenatal diagnosis.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1998; 12: 225–6.
16. Merz E. Ultrasound in obstetrics and gynecology. Philadelphia, New York,
Baltimore: Lippincott Williams-Wilkins, 1998.
17. Kurjak A, Kupešič S. Clinical application of 3 D sonography. New York,
London: The Parthenon Publishing Group, 2000.
18. Lee A, Kratochwil A, Deutinger J, Bernaschek G. Three-dimensional ultrasound
in diagnosing phocomelia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1995; 5: 238–40.
19. Johnson DD, Pretorius DH, Riccabona M, Budorick NE, Nelson TR. Threedimensional ultrasound of the fetal spine. Obstetrics – Gynecology 1997; 88:
434–8.
20. Budorick NE, Pretorius DH, Johnson DD, Nelson TR, Tartar MK, Lou KV.
Three-dimensional ultrasonography of the fetal distal lower extremity:
normal and abnormal. J Ultrasound Med 1998; 17: 649–60.
21. Hata T, Aoki S, Hata K, Miyazaki K. Three-dimensional ultrasonographic
assessment of the umbilical cord during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of
pregnancy. Gynecol Obstet Invest 1998; 45: 159–64.
22. Hata T, Yonehara T, Aoki S, Manabe A, Hata K, Miyazaki K. Three-dimensional
sonographic visualization of the fetal face. AJR 1998; 170: 481–3.
23. Hata T, Aoki S, Hata K, Miyazaki K, Akahane M, Mochizuki T. Threedimensional
ultrasonographic assessments of fetal development. Obstetrics-Gynecology 1998; 91: 218–23.
24. Hata T, Aoki S, Akiyama M, Yanagihara T, Miyazaki K. Three-dimensional
ultrasonographic assessment of fetal hands and feet. Ultrasound Obstet
Gynecol 1998; 12: 235–9.
25. Ulm MR, Kratochwil A, Ulm B, Lee A, Bettelheim D, Bernaschek G. Threedimensional ultrasonographic imaging of fetal tooth buds for characterization
of fetal clefts. Early Human Development 1999; 55: 67–75.
26. Carlson DE. The ultrasound evaluation of cleft lip and palate – a clear winner
for 3 D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2000; 16: 299–301.
27. Chung BI, Kim HJ, Lee KH. The application of three–dimensional ultrasound
to nuchal translucency measurement in early pregnancy (10–14 weeks): preliminary study. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2000; 15: 122–5.
28. Timor-Tritsch IE, Monteagudo A, Mayberry P. Three-dimensional ultrasound
evaluation of the fetal brain: the three horn view. Ultrasound Obstet
Gynecol 2000; 16: 302–6.
29. Campbell S. The potential diagnostic capabilities of three-dimensional
surface rendering. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1999; 14: 148–8.
30. Platt LD. Three-dimensional ultrasound 2000. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol
2000; 16: 295–8.
31. Campbell S. No more whisky and biscuits. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2000;
15: 1–3.
32. Dyson RL, Pretorius DH, Budorick NE, Johnson DD et al. Three-dimensional
ultrasound in the evaluation of fetal anomalies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol
2000; 16: 321–8.
33. Chaoui R. Fetal echocardiography: state of the art of the state of the heart.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2001; 17: 277–84.
34. Slansky MS, Nelson TR, Pretorius DH. Three-dimensional fetal echocardiography.
J Ultrasound Med 1998; 17: 451–7.
35. Bega G, Kuhlman K. Three-dimensional fetal echocardiography. In: Kurjak
A, Kupešič S. Clinical application of 3 D sonography. New York, London:
The Parthenon Publishing Group, 2000: 161–6.
36. Deng J, Gardener JE, Rodeck CH, Lees WR. Fetal echocardiography in three
and four dimensions. Ultrasound in Med Biol 1996; 22: 979–86.
37. Zasmer N, Jurkovič D, Jauniaux E, Gruboeck K, Lees C, Campbell S. Selection
and indentification of standard cardiac views from three-dimensional volume
scans of the fetal thorax. J Ultrasound Med 1996; 15: 25–32.
38. Nelson TR. Three-dimensional fetal echocardiography. Progress in Biophysics
– Molecular Biology 1998; 69: 257–72.
39. Slansky MS, Nelson T, Strachan M, Pretorius D. Real-time three-dimensional
fetal echocardiography: initial feasibility study. J Ultrasound Med 1999; 18:
745–52.
40. Meyer-Wittkopf, Rappe N, Sierra F, Barth H, Schmidt S. Three-dimensional
(3-D) ultrasonography for obtaining the four and five-chamber view: comparison
with cross-sectional (2-D) fetal sonographic screening. Ultrasound
Obstet Gynecol 2000; 15: 397–402.
41. Chaoui R, Kalache K. Three-dimensional color power imaging: principles
and first experience in prenatal diagnosis. In: Merz E. 3-D ultrasound in
obstetrics and gynecology. Philadelphia, New York, Baltimore: Lippincott
Williams-Wilkins, 1998: 135–41.
42. Chaoui R, Kalache KD, Hartung J. Application of three-dimensional power
Doppler ultrasound in prenatal diagnosis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol
2001; 17: 22–9.
43. Bahlmann F. Three-dimensional color power angiography of an aneurysm
of the vein of Galen. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2000; 15: 341–1.
44. Lee TH, Shih JC, Peng SSF, Lee CN, Shyu MK, Hsieth FJ. Prenatal depiction of
angioarchitecture of an aneurysm of the vein of Galen with three-dimensional
color power angiography. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2000; 15: 337–
40.
45. Rottem S, Bronshtein M. Transvaginal sonographic diagnosis of congenital
anomalies between 9 weeks and 16 weeks, menstrual age. J Clin Ultrasound
1990; 18: 307–14.
46. Nicolaides KH, Sebire NJ, Snijders RJM. The 11–14 week scan. The diagnosis
of fetal abnormalities. New York, London: The Parthenon Publishing
Group, 1999.
47. Rottem S. IROFAN: new time-oriented malformation work-up and classification
of fetal anomalies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1997; 10: 373–4.
48. Whitlow BJ, Economides DL. The optimal gestational age to examine fetal
anatomy and measure nuchal translucency in the first trimester. Ultrasound
Obstet Gynecol 1998; 11: 258–61.
49. Merz E. Ultraschall – Fehlbildungsscreening in der Schwangerschaft – ein
hohes forensisches Risiko? Ultraschall in Med 1999; 20: 175–6.
50. Franzki H. Haftungsrisiken auf dem Gebiet der Pränataldiagnostik. Ultraschall
in Med 1999; 220: 212–4.
pulsed ultrasound. Lancet 1958; 1: 1188–91.
2. Steiner H, Staudach A, Spitzer D, Schaffer H. Three-dimensional ultrasound
in obstetrics and gynecology: technique, possibilities and limitations. Hum
Reprod 1994; 9: 1773–8.
3. Pretorius DH, Nelson TR. Three-dimensional ultrasound. Ultrasound Obstet
Gynecol 1995; 5: 219–21.
4. Merz E, Bahlmann F, Weber G. Volume scanning in the evaluation of fetal
malformations: a new dimension in prenatal diagnosis. Ultrasound Obstet
Gynecol 1995; 5: 222–7.
5. Merz E. Einsatz der 3-D-Ultraschalltehnik in der pränatalen Diagnostik.
Ultraschall Med 1995; 16: 154–61.
6. Steiner H. Potential der dreidimensionalen (3-D) Sonographie in der Fehlbildungsdiagnostik. Gynäkologe 1995; 28: 315–20.
7. Pretorius DH, Nelson TR. Fetal face visualization using three -dimensional
ultrasonography. J Ultrasound Med 1995; 14: 349–56.
8. Pretorius DH, House M, Nelson TR, Hollenbach KA. Evaluation of normal
and abnormal lips in fetuses: comparison between three- and two-dimensional
sonography. AJR 1995; 165: 1233–7.
9. Gritzky A, Brandl H. The Voluson (Kretz) technique. In: Merz E. 3-D ultrasound
in obstetrics and gynecology. Philadelphia, New York, Baltimore:
Lipincott Williams-Wilkins, 1998: 9–15.
10. Sakas G. Free-hand acquisition, reconstruction, and visualization of threedimensional data sets. In: Merz E. 3-D ultrasound in obstetrics and gynecology.
Philadelphia, New York, Baltimore: Lipincott Williams-Wilkins, 1998:
17–24.
11. Kratochwil M. Importance and possibilities of multiplanar examination in
three-dimensional sonography. In: Merz E. 3-D ultrasound in obstetrics and
gynecology. Philadelphia, New York, Baltimore: Lippincott Williams-Wilkins,
1998: 105–8.
12. Benoit B. Three-dimensional surface mode for demonstration of normal
anatomy in the second and third trimesters. In: Merz E. 3-D ultrasound in
obstetrics and gynecology. Philadelphia, New York, Baltimore: Lippincott
Williams-Wilkins, 1998: 95–100.
13. Benoit B, Kos M, Kurjak A. The normal and abnormal face. In: Kurjak A,
Kupešič S. Clinical application of 3 D sonography. New York, London: The
Parthenon Publishing Group, 2000: 127–32.
14. Merz E, Mirič-Tesarič D, Walter C. Value of the electronic scalpel (cut mode)
in the evaluation of the fetal face. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2000; 16:
564–8.
15. Merz E. Three-dimensional ultrasound – A requirement for prenatal diagnosis.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1998; 12: 225–6.
16. Merz E. Ultrasound in obstetrics and gynecology. Philadelphia, New York,
Baltimore: Lippincott Williams-Wilkins, 1998.
17. Kurjak A, Kupešič S. Clinical application of 3 D sonography. New York,
London: The Parthenon Publishing Group, 2000.
18. Lee A, Kratochwil A, Deutinger J, Bernaschek G. Three-dimensional ultrasound
in diagnosing phocomelia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1995; 5: 238–40.
19. Johnson DD, Pretorius DH, Riccabona M, Budorick NE, Nelson TR. Threedimensional ultrasound of the fetal spine. Obstetrics – Gynecology 1997; 88:
434–8.
20. Budorick NE, Pretorius DH, Johnson DD, Nelson TR, Tartar MK, Lou KV.
Three-dimensional ultrasonography of the fetal distal lower extremity:
normal and abnormal. J Ultrasound Med 1998; 17: 649–60.
21. Hata T, Aoki S, Hata K, Miyazaki K. Three-dimensional ultrasonographic
assessment of the umbilical cord during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of
pregnancy. Gynecol Obstet Invest 1998; 45: 159–64.
22. Hata T, Yonehara T, Aoki S, Manabe A, Hata K, Miyazaki K. Three-dimensional
sonographic visualization of the fetal face. AJR 1998; 170: 481–3.
23. Hata T, Aoki S, Hata K, Miyazaki K, Akahane M, Mochizuki T. Threedimensional
ultrasonographic assessments of fetal development. Obstetrics-Gynecology 1998; 91: 218–23.
24. Hata T, Aoki S, Akiyama M, Yanagihara T, Miyazaki K. Three-dimensional
ultrasonographic assessment of fetal hands and feet. Ultrasound Obstet
Gynecol 1998; 12: 235–9.
25. Ulm MR, Kratochwil A, Ulm B, Lee A, Bettelheim D, Bernaschek G. Threedimensional ultrasonographic imaging of fetal tooth buds for characterization
of fetal clefts. Early Human Development 1999; 55: 67–75.
26. Carlson DE. The ultrasound evaluation of cleft lip and palate – a clear winner
for 3 D. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2000; 16: 299–301.
27. Chung BI, Kim HJ, Lee KH. The application of three–dimensional ultrasound
to nuchal translucency measurement in early pregnancy (10–14 weeks): preliminary study. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2000; 15: 122–5.
28. Timor-Tritsch IE, Monteagudo A, Mayberry P. Three-dimensional ultrasound
evaluation of the fetal brain: the three horn view. Ultrasound Obstet
Gynecol 2000; 16: 302–6.
29. Campbell S. The potential diagnostic capabilities of three-dimensional
surface rendering. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1999; 14: 148–8.
30. Platt LD. Three-dimensional ultrasound 2000. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol
2000; 16: 295–8.
31. Campbell S. No more whisky and biscuits. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2000;
15: 1–3.
32. Dyson RL, Pretorius DH, Budorick NE, Johnson DD et al. Three-dimensional
ultrasound in the evaluation of fetal anomalies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol
2000; 16: 321–8.
33. Chaoui R. Fetal echocardiography: state of the art of the state of the heart.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2001; 17: 277–84.
34. Slansky MS, Nelson TR, Pretorius DH. Three-dimensional fetal echocardiography.
J Ultrasound Med 1998; 17: 451–7.
35. Bega G, Kuhlman K. Three-dimensional fetal echocardiography. In: Kurjak
A, Kupešič S. Clinical application of 3 D sonography. New York, London:
The Parthenon Publishing Group, 2000: 161–6.
36. Deng J, Gardener JE, Rodeck CH, Lees WR. Fetal echocardiography in three
and four dimensions. Ultrasound in Med Biol 1996; 22: 979–86.
37. Zasmer N, Jurkovič D, Jauniaux E, Gruboeck K, Lees C, Campbell S. Selection
and indentification of standard cardiac views from three-dimensional volume
scans of the fetal thorax. J Ultrasound Med 1996; 15: 25–32.
38. Nelson TR. Three-dimensional fetal echocardiography. Progress in Biophysics
– Molecular Biology 1998; 69: 257–72.
39. Slansky MS, Nelson T, Strachan M, Pretorius D. Real-time three-dimensional
fetal echocardiography: initial feasibility study. J Ultrasound Med 1999; 18:
745–52.
40. Meyer-Wittkopf, Rappe N, Sierra F, Barth H, Schmidt S. Three-dimensional
(3-D) ultrasonography for obtaining the four and five-chamber view: comparison
with cross-sectional (2-D) fetal sonographic screening. Ultrasound
Obstet Gynecol 2000; 15: 397–402.
41. Chaoui R, Kalache K. Three-dimensional color power imaging: principles
and first experience in prenatal diagnosis. In: Merz E. 3-D ultrasound in
obstetrics and gynecology. Philadelphia, New York, Baltimore: Lippincott
Williams-Wilkins, 1998: 135–41.
42. Chaoui R, Kalache KD, Hartung J. Application of three-dimensional power
Doppler ultrasound in prenatal diagnosis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol
2001; 17: 22–9.
43. Bahlmann F. Three-dimensional color power angiography of an aneurysm
of the vein of Galen. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2000; 15: 341–1.
44. Lee TH, Shih JC, Peng SSF, Lee CN, Shyu MK, Hsieth FJ. Prenatal depiction of
angioarchitecture of an aneurysm of the vein of Galen with three-dimensional
color power angiography. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2000; 15: 337–
40.
45. Rottem S, Bronshtein M. Transvaginal sonographic diagnosis of congenital
anomalies between 9 weeks and 16 weeks, menstrual age. J Clin Ultrasound
1990; 18: 307–14.
46. Nicolaides KH, Sebire NJ, Snijders RJM. The 11–14 week scan. The diagnosis
of fetal abnormalities. New York, London: The Parthenon Publishing
Group, 1999.
47. Rottem S. IROFAN: new time-oriented malformation work-up and classification
of fetal anomalies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1997; 10: 373–4.
48. Whitlow BJ, Economides DL. The optimal gestational age to examine fetal
anatomy and measure nuchal translucency in the first trimester. Ultrasound
Obstet Gynecol 1998; 11: 258–61.
49. Merz E. Ultraschall – Fehlbildungsscreening in der Schwangerschaft – ein
hohes forensisches Risiko? Ultraschall in Med 1999; 20: 175–6.
50. Franzki H. Haftungsrisiken auf dem Gebiet der Pränataldiagnostik. Ultraschall
in Med 1999; 220: 212–4.
Published
2017-04-14
How to Cite
1.
Japelj I, Ogrizek Pelkič K, Pšeničnik S. THREE-DIMENSIONAL ULTRASOUND EXAMINATION IN OBSTETRICS. TEST ZdravVestn [Internet]. 14Apr.2017 [cited 5Aug.2024];70(10). Available from: http://vestnik-dev.szd.si/index.php/ZdravVest/article/view/2559
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