Human breast cancer cell lines
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide and ranked first in incidence in women living either in developed or developing countries. It is ranked as the fifth common causes of cancer death. Annually, there are 1310 new cases of breast cancer in Slovenia.There are many types of breast cancer, which we can differentiate based histopathology (primary, secondary, invasive, non-invasive) and molecular i.e. intrinsic properties. Breast cancer cell lines play a significant role in breast cancer research and analysis of different subtypes. The first breast cancer cell line was established in 1958 and named BT-20 (1958, Lasfargues in Ozzello). In recent years the number of cell lines has drastically increased, however the most commonly used breast cancer cell lines are still MCF7, T47D and MDAMB231. The MCF7 and T47D cell lines are luminal A type (ER+/PR+/HER2-), whereas MDAMB231 is triple negative (ER-/PR-/HER2-). There are many inconsistencies in nomenclature and culturing of cell lines. Also, questionable is the consistency and repeatability of research in different laboratoriesorconditions,wherecelllinescoulddevelopdifferenttraits(e.g.dedifferentiation, change of phenotype, mutations). There are examples of different categorization into unique subtypes of the same cell lines in literature, based on different molecular and morphological descriptions. Due all of this, the authors believe that there is a need for a literature review of the currently available information. The authors focused on breast cancer cell lines, their nomenclature, differentiation, culturing andusefulness.
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