Sensitization to inhalant alergens in patients with allegic airway disease in Slovenia

Abstract

Background: Skin prick testing is the basic diagnostic method for IgE-mediated allergies. To define a standard battery of allergens, data about local sensitization pattern are needed. The aims of the study were to define the prevalence of sensitization to allergens recommended as Pan European standard prick test panel in Slovenija, to define a minimum battery of allergens for epidemiological studies and to asses sensitization to those allergens across the country. Another aim was to define the usefulness of testing with extensively cross-reactive allergens and the use of allergen mixtures. Methods: The prevalence of sensitization for Pan-European standard prick test panel was assessed at single referral allergy centre, where the same patients were also tested with cross reactive allergens and allergen mixtures. A minimum battery for epidemiological study was defined from this data. The prevalence of sensitization to those allergens was than assessed in 13 centers in Slovenija. Results: All allergens suggested as Pan-European standard prick test panel shoved a prevalence of more than 2 %, so all of them should be used in clinical setting. Additional three allergens are needed for Slovene standard skin prick test panel. Eight allergens are needed for a minimum battery of allergens needed in epidemiological studies. Conclusion: Slovene standard panel for skin prick tests should include: Alternaria, Ambrosia, Artemisia, Aspergillus, Betulacea, Blatella, Cat, Cladosporium, Cypres, Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dog, Grass, Olive, Parietaria, Penicillium, Plane, Plantago, Rumex, Urtica.. Further studies are needed to confirm the importance of added allergens and to define other allergens that might be locally important.