Active enhancement methods for intra- and transdermal drug delivery: a review
Abstract
Transdermal route has some advantages over other drug administration routes. These include avoidance of first pass effect (hepatic metabolism), better pharmacokinetic profile, reduction of side effects and good patient compliance. The greatest obstacle for the drugs to be delivered through the skin is overcoming the impermeable outermost layer of the skin – the stratum corneum. Quite a few enhancement techniques can be used to overcome the stratum corneum barrier and facilitate transdermal drug delivery. These include various passive (penetration enhancers, liposomes) and active approaches (electroporation, iontophoresis, microneedles), which are of prime interest for transdermal drug delivery research area.Downloads
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