Molecular mechanisms of gastric cancer development
Abstract
BACKGROUND Owing to uncharacteristic symptoms, glandular stomach cancer (adenocarcinoma) is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, when the prognosis is poor. Research showed that these tumours are very heterogeneous in terms of their molecular structure. Gastric cancer is believed to result from a multistep process encompassing different genomic, genetic and epigenetic changes. It is widely acknowledged that its development is the result of an interplay between genetic background of patients, accumulation of alterations in genes, and environmental risk factors. Studies, conducted over the last few decades, revealed numerous mutated genes, which could be associated with the risk of gastric cancer development. Unfortunately, the pathways and molecular sequences underlying the initiation and progression of normal cells into malignant ones have not been clearly explained yet. The purpose of this review is to present molecular mechanisms most likely implicated in gastric cancer development.Downloads
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